aco linear drain. Available in 255mm, 280mm, 305mm, 380mm, 405mm and 480mm depths. aco linear drain

 
 Available in 255mm, 280mm, 305mm, 380mm, 405mm and 480mm depthsaco linear drain  Features & benefits; Grate options; Product details; Installation;Constant and sloping channels available

was established in 2006. Prefabricated Shower Curb. D. End caps Easy fit end cap both male and female connections. 50. Our gullies are manufactured in austenitic stainless steel grades 304 or 316 and are fully pickle passivated in order to ensure corrosion free joints. 06. Join channels and grates together to create installations as long as necessary. Shower channels are 3. Technical Info. The ACO technical services team offers full trench drain system layout and parts scheduling free of charge. This is a description that is less common in Europe and refers to all linear drainage systems above but also includes ‘cast in place’ solutions where the channel is formed in concrete poured into a trench made with wooden formers and rebar and then manually formed or in some cases mechanically extruded. These drains are suitable for various traffic conditions and can be designed and installed with online tools and software. In this linear drain shower, we are using KERDI-BOARD building panels fastened directly to the studs , instead of gypsum or cement board, tocreate a bonded waterproof assembly. The TramDrain system features a rubber chute, which connects the linear trench drain to the tram rail. ACO Slimline is a discreet, one piece slot drainage system designed for light duty applications such as pedestrian and hard landscaped areas, schools, car parks and residential developments. Channel units have base knockout for connection to 110mm diameter (S100), 160mm diameter (S150 and S200) and 200mm diameter (S300) U-PVC pipes. To suit many applications, our range of AS 3996 compliant grates, slotted. Optional Water Activated LED for Point Drains: If your QuARTz by ACO linear drain isn’t unique and eye-catching enough on its own then a conversation-starting option are distinctive, water-activated LED lights. Available in eight lengths and three grate styles: offset oval in brushed, polished & oil-rubbed bronze finishes , wedge wire in brushed or polished stainless steel and a tile-in tray. ACO manufactures and markets surface drainage products for the home and garden. find a product part Use our product lookup tool to find parts related to this product. 45 each. ACO Brickslot gratings are available in galvanised or stainless steel and suitable for use with the 100mm, 150mm and 200mm wide channels in the ACO MultiDrain MD range. Systems comes complete with either non-removable or removable lockable grates compliant to AS 3996 and EN 1433. Cast iron, material EN-GJL-200. 95 incl VAT. These stainless-steel shower drains are durable and designed to last. 3-2001 requires a 2“ outlet for shower applications. Showerpoint With Quadrato Grate. £77. There is an enormous range available, from simple half-metre or metre-long polymer. The ACO Group is one of the world market leaders in drainage technology. A strong brand around the world. System Design: 1. £65. The system is specifically designed to form an integral part of any modern, sustainable surface water. ACO Qmax has been developed to satisfy the demand for a versatile, high capacity slot drainage system for a wide range of applications involving small to large catchment areas to any load class. ACO 37240 Quartz Plus 4-Feet Wavy Grate Design. 3. you can place ir on any surface. SlotChannel: custom designed general-purpose slot drainage solution. We've listed our top-ranked picks, including the top-selling Quartz By Aco Linear Drain. A strong brand around the world. ACO linear drainage system - surface based object : ACO linear drainage system, produced by ACO DRAIN A/S, Denmark. In addition to the linear drainage of urban roads, bridges and tunnels, we now also off er an attractive 2 in 1 one-piece drainage solution for use on motorways and trunk roads. First of all, flexibility in positioning allows you to place the shower channel drain in the center of a shower or other wet area, against the. ACO SWM offers a range of modular trench drains, such as ACO Drain, KlassikDrain, PowerDrain, SlabDrain and FlowDrain, with different materials, sizes and load ratings. ACO understands the importance of products that are corrosion resistant, do. ACO MultiDrain Monoblock PD100D is a. ACO ShowerDrain C – Standard. 9899. Strip drains are commonly used in a range of commercial, industrial and urban applications. Our UK stock holding is vast & includes systems suitable to withstand the demands of all. West Sales Office Northeast Sales Office Southeast Sales Office 825 W. KERDI-BOARD is a lightweight XPS foam panel that is inherently waterproof. The foul air trap is made out of polypropylene. ACO Product Overview Brochure. linear foot. Channel drains, or drainage channels, reduce surface water issues. ACO Sport. All systems have 40 metres continuous slope. The unit includes a 2" threaded coupling that is compatible with most standard 2" shower drain flanges, thus making the product universal and easy to install. Add to basket. Mentor, OH 44060. Digital tools to support trench drainage and surface water management design 24/7 - Visit: Coat exterior os linear shower drain outlet with ABS solvent cement and insert into 2" coupling. Load class is defined according to DIN 19 580. ACO Drain consists of cast polymer concrete bodies with either galvanized steel, stainless steel or cast iron wearing edges. ACO MultiDrain M100D - 135mm x 150mm x 1000mm. Liquids shall be discharged by gravity flow at the end of the drain into an underground pipe system or culvert. Excavate trench to accommodate the drainage system. More information. * This channel features bottom knockouts; 4″ & 6″ for 100 mm channels. The ACO Self® modular system has grown: The successful system of linear drainage in private houses, yards and gardens has been expanded to include modular point drainage. Remove it, extend the drain pipe rough-in (the 2″ pipe) with a coupling, hook the drain up to the extended pipe and pack mud under it so it sits a minimum of 1 1/2″ above the slab. This slip resistant grate is ideal for pedestrian precincts and food preparation areas. ACO India. The stainless Steel gratings visibly demonstrate the quality of the shower channels and drains. Infinity Drain linear drain systems offer limitless possibilities for your projects. When you choose ACO, you’re not just opting for a drainage solution—you’re investing in a legacy of quality, innovation, and unparalleled expertise. Showerpoint With Wave Grate. It can also be used in areas along the building line, for example, terraces, patios and other areas with restricted construction depth. Also called a trough or trench drain, a linear drain is a rectangular-shaped drain that allows for the use of larger format floor tile and the ability to pitch the floor in one direction. ACO Modular Product Features. Suited to an assortment of domestic applications, the recycled polypropylene structure is ideal for pedestrian and light vehicular traffic up to Load Class A15. About ACO A strong brand worldwide. com. Our range of drainage solutions includes a good selection of drainage channels to help you when installing a new driveway or patio. ACO stands for professional drainage, efficient cleaning, and the controlled discharge or reuse of water. SlotChannel: custom designed general-purpose slot drainage solution. 8 Square Inch. ACO India. Your local sales contact ACO Systems SA Route 21 Corporate Business Park Dunham Bush House 57 Sovereign Drive Irene Ext 30 South Africa 0157 Tel. Applications; Technical; Service;Features & Benefits: ACO S100 Heavy Duty Channel Drain 155mm x 137mm x 1000mm. Excavate 88m drains (max 900mm depth): groundworker and labourer for 3 days @ £360 per day. Menu My CMS Products Linear Shower Channel Channel Grates. ACO Infrastructure Surface drainage systems for roads, bridges and. The normal ACO drain is not designed for hot mop but. MIFAB F1240 Utility Drain . $1976. Brickslot (slotted tops) Brickslot is a discreet drainage solution for use with brick or stone pavers up to 63mm deep. ACO Gully 157, adjustable height body with integrated clamping flange, vertical 110mm outlet, removable foul air trap, grade 316 stainless steel to suit vinyl floors. Browse through BIMsmith’s curated library of parametric Revit plumbing drain files. ACO Sport® systems are available to meet the requirements of any athletic. 31” (84mm) wide, with length as specified on Architects plans / Architects specification. ACO drainage channels, also known as linear drains, are well-suited for a number of domestic applications and serve to remove surface water and prevent overspills and flooding. This is a description that is less common in Europe and refers to all linear drainage systems above but also includes ‘cast in place’ solutions where the channel is formed in concrete poured into a trench made. and in three grate options, including wavy, square or tile inlay. ACO Floor Gulliesa wide range of multi-application and high performance products. View our systems askACO for support CPD. 00. Our unique design software enables the efficient and accurate hydraulic design of surface water management schemes. Guard Debris guard stops the ingress of sand and. Beechcraft Street Casa Grande, AZ 85122 Tel: (520) 421-9988 Toll-Free: (888) 490-9552 Fax: (520) 421-9899 Figure A Figure B Exploded View of a Typical. Download the ACO Drain spec sheets of various modular, commercial-grade, grated trench drain systems, including KlassikDrain, Brickslot etc. Brett Martin Linear Channel Drains effectively direct water from around domestic properties into drains. and 48 In. Open space drainage. A strong brand around the world. Quartz linear shower drains are. The QuARTz ACO Tile Linear shower drain channel and grate system is made of stainless steel grade 304 and is manufactured by ACO Polymer Products, Inc. Linear drain is just another name for channel drain - linear channels that join in straight lines to remove surface water. ACO is equipped with its own advanced software and qualified engineers to support its stormwater management products. Linear shower channels provide flexibility of design within the. 55” to 55. 50. ACO MultiDrain M100D - 135mm x 150mm x 1000mm. 75. ACO Systems and Solutions Private Limited Third Floor, 627/4, 36B, II Phase, 60 Feet Road, Near NTTF, Chokkasandra, Peenya Bangalore - 560 058 Karnataka, IndiaACO ShowerDrain C – Standard. Carbon smart high capacity slot drainage system. ACO. 5. Linear Drain. Track and field drainage systems. ACO Shower Drain offers a range of linear or barrier-free grates for the bathroom floor, with different designs, materials and sizes. QuARTz Plus 48 Tile Insert Linear Shower Drain $120. Commercial Trench Drains 5 Polycrete ® Channels 1300 765 226 (AUS) 0800 448 080 (NZ) +61 2 4747 4000 (EXPORT) 1 Trench Excavation Mark on the ground the location of the Polycrete ® Channels. Visit our website for more drainage solutions 10. ACO DRAIN® watertight drainage channel system for future requirements of rainwater treatment. Gratings can be replaced or LED lights added at a later date to generate a totally new look. 00" (51mm). Available in all seven grate designs, the ACO Premium linear shower drains featuring a plain edge shower channel body measures 3 5/16” wide and is available in six lengths ranging from 27. ACO uses a purpose-written, hydraulic design program modelled using differential calculus for non-uniform flow in open channels. Grate option. Fully compliant to EN 1253. A designer range of linear and point drains for bathrooms. West Office Toll Free: 888-490-9552 825 W. With easy installation that includes friction locking plastic plugs that hold the grate in place, you can have these installed in no time. The range includes: Systems. KlassikDrain. Mentor, OH 44060. ULMA Channel Drainage. ACO Drainage for Swimming Pool / Water Feature Solutions Linear channel solution with an 8mm slot opening. Liquids shall be discharged by gravity flow at the end of the drain into an underground pipe system or culvert. Find out how ACO can help on your latest project through the design and development of corrosion resistant drainage. ACO India. Associated products. NOTE: Q. Contact Information Phone: 1 (800) 543-4764. Hexaline 2. Channel drain, Line drain, Slot drain and ACO drain are terms often used interchangeably to refer to drains of a linear nature. 02. Neodrain 2-Inch PVC Sub Drain, Shower Drain Base, No Hub Shower Drain Base with Rubber Gasket for 2 inch Linear & Square Drain Installation. £58. It is, perhaps, neatly summed up by attempting to use the simple formulae provided for steady, uniform flow to calculate the rate of flow in a channel laid level (or nearly level). The channel system is manufactured from polymer concrete and has an integral intake slot. Packaging Sizes: The HYDRO BAN Linear Drain is a two-piece drain with a trough and removable grate, sold separately. The PVC drain body will provide secondary drainage at membrane level and clamping ability for waterproofing membrane (supplied by others). Linear Drainage. Shower channels are 3. ACO Infrastructure Surface drainage systems for roads, bridges. This means that ACO Multiline already meets future requirements in terms of water-tightness and water quality. ACO Drainlock. +27 12 941 0521 Fax. At ACO, our Drainage Design Services team believes early consideration of drainage solutions not only helps achieve a look that ties in with the design concept, but knowing the depths available for floor or balcony drainage from the beginning can have massive benefits for the end result. They are easily dismantled and replaced with, say, a yard gully or a linear drain connection, if the drainage point is needed to help drain a pavement. £1,080. Introduction to ACO Building Drainage. 1. The ACO ShowerDrain satisfies the latest fire protection regulations for multi-storey buildings in Europe. The 0. Catalog excerpts. Northeast Office Toll Free: 800-543-4764 9470 Pinecone Dr. ACO Stainless is a range of versatile linear drainage systems for applications where corrosion resistance, hydraulics and durability are required. RIGHT GRATINGACO is a global leader in water management, with products to collect, clean, hold and release water; addressing all phases of the water cycle and supporting water sensitive urban design. ACO Premium Linear Shower Drain – Plain Edge Channel Body. ACO Slot Drain 8 or 20 mm wide. Slimline Domestic Level Threshold Door Drainage ACO Threshold A15 channel drain eliminates water ponding in front of house entrances, available in either a silver or black aluminium finish. . ACO Bathroom Drainage Linear & point shower drains Installation Guide . ACO drains connect to your existing underground drainage, usually via an existing piece of above ground pipe connected to your. QuARTz by ACO Linear Shower Drains Light line . rfa file. 4. 27-in decorative linear shower drain for remodel and new construction. ACO has considerable experience in channel hydraulics and offers designers a free, no obligation service to calculate the suitability of ACO’s drainage channels for individual projects. Quartz Linear Shower Drain Oil-Rubbed Bronze - Hawaii 28 $928. Our Drainage Channels or Linear Channels help take surface water away and are typically used in the likes of patios and driveways. Showerpoint With Hawaii Grate. Shower Drain Base with Adjustable Ring + Rubber Coupler for Linear Shower Drain Installation. Amendment of the Flat Roof Directive 12/2016 if the splashwater volume is not minimised by a roof, mesh gratings that are at least 150 mm wide should be used”. However there is an important distinction to be made. First of all, flexibility in positioning allows you to place the shower channel drain in the center of a shower or other wet area, against the. 00 incl VAT. ACO Stainless is a range of versatile linear drainage systems for applications where corrosion resistance, hydraulics and durability are required. . Quartz Linear Shower Drain Oil-Rubbed Bronze - Hawaii 32 $959. In addition to our products, we also off erHigh quality channel drainage systems available in black HDPE gratings or galvanised steel gratings available at Plastics Express. QuARTz by ACO is synonymous for clever and inspirational compact drainage for bathrooms and other wet areas. 0 (1200) 20. First of all, flexibility in positioning allows you to place the shower channel drain in the center of a shower or other wet area, against the. ACO Self - Garden & Landscape Drainage ACO UtilityDuct - Linear Ducting System Surface Water Management ACO Stainless - Stainless Trench Drains ACO BoxDrain - Stainless Floor Troughs ACO FloorDrain - Stainless Point Drains ACO Pipe -. This. Trench drain. ACO Floor Drain Top and Floor Trough ACO Floor Drain - Adjustable Height ACO Polymer Products, Inc. KerbDrain E is designed for areas where kerbs are likely to recieve impact from heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) such as junctions and roundabouts while KerbDrain E+ addresses the demand for higher-capacity kerb drainage for large catchments areas. Register; Login;. KERDI-BOARD. View ACO Visualizer. 6 4. Introduction to ACO MultiDrain™ PPDDrainage-Channel - Drainage - Linear Drains. ACO Pty Ltd. MEALINE S Drainage Channel with Galvanised Slotted Grating 1m - A15. 6. The services deal with each project’s unique, hydraulic, structural, maintenance and spatial requirements. Q-Plus linear shower channels available in three lengths: 27", 36", and 48". Radius channel systems can be specied with great exibility: width, radii, channel depth and grating. There are 4 ways to connect new drainage to an existing system:-. ACO introduced the concept of linear surface drainage systems to North America over 25 years ago and was established in Canada in 2006. 55” (700 mm) length, and 21. ACO; Alpinebay; Arc Inc. ACO stands for professional drainage, efficient cleaning, and the controlled discharge or reuse of water. 39 inches inlet to prevent blockage and ADA compliant. - Overall width: 4-3/16". Beechcraft St. A variety of lengths and designs, including a tile insert, are available. 2m³ of concrete will be required. These products are designed, manufactured and tested for high performance in applications where a clean environment is crucial to the business functions. Q-Plus linear shower channels available in three lengths: 27", 36", and 48". 9l/s. System Design: 1. This means that ACO Multiline already meets future equirements in terms of watertightness and water quality. Galvanised steel grate withstands corrosion. We offer threaded and non-threaded outlets, 90° angle joiners, straight joiners, and custom fabrication. The stainless steel drainage products in the Building High mechanical and chemical resistance. Tested to EN 1253-1. Warranty Guide PDF. ACO offers project-specific services designed to make specification, ordering and installation easy. Hygienic design following EN 1672, EN ISO 14159 and EHEDG document No. Our wet room shower drains are available with a choice of grating designs to provide an outstanding finish to your wetroom floor. They allow the use or elimination of physical barriers (shower hobs) within the bathroom floor and can be incorporated into a wide range of designs. ACO QuAD Hydraulic Design 2. ACO linear slot channel; L1000mm x W50mm x H120mm; DN30 vertical outlet position; with levelling feet and 8mm slot opening; including stop ends and outlets DN50/ ProjectThe Linear shower drain grate features a very uniform, clean, and continuous look, making it a great addition to a neutral or modern bathroom. Track and field drainage systems. Highline - Channelbody made of. Compatible with any standard 2 In. Used in garage thresholds, landscaping projects and a range of DIY garden and patio applications. Zurn Industries ZS880 - Stainless Steel Linear Trench Drain . Part Number - 97478. QuARTz Plus 36 Tile Insert Linear Shower Drain $105. The channel and ACO Brickslot grating together provide and unobtrusive continuous slot drainage system, with high hydraulic efficiency for fast removal of surface water. 47” (12 mm) slot blends in with the paving joints giving an aesthetic solution. 49 to £12. BalconyDrain is available in a range of depths and widths to suit site, user and hydraulic requirements: 1. KlassikDrain – General Duty Trench Drain 3-Part Spec Sheet. +27 86 5489 318When it comes to state-of-the-art outdoor drainage, ACO Drain is the name you can trust. • The screed must be created with a slight slope flushHow to install a driveway - How to Install Aco drainage - landscaping uk - VLOG06Join this channel to get access to perks:ShowerDrain A-Plus The ACO ShowerDrain A-Plus product range provides an economical way to mimic the high-end trend of designer linear shower drains. End caps and inline grated basins complete the system. Login;Industrial stainless steel linear drainage systems. A strong brand around the world. Excavate 5 soakaways: groundworker and labourer for half a day @ £360 per day. We do not recommend linear drains less than 2” wide or Tile Insert Frame linear drains for threshold installations without a curb due to the lack of channel width needed to sufficiently catch the water. This is a floor-based element. Casa Grande, AZ 85122. 75. The. ACO linear drainage system - surface based object : ACO linear drainage system, produced by ACO DRAIN A/S, Denmark. Neodrain 28-Inch Linear Shower Drain with Tile Insert Grate,Professional Brushed 304 Stainless Steel Rectangle Shower Floor Drain Manufacturer,Floor Shower Drain with Leveling Feet, Hair Strainer. ACO. - Waterproofing: PVC/Vinyl liner, Lead/copper pan, Hot mop, Rubber liner, Fiberglass. Utilizing its 24 manufacturing facilities. 25, QuARTz by Aco Linear Shower Drain Metal Covers Hawai, Electro Polish Steinlees Steel : Check on Amazon: 3: ACO. Our ACO channel drainage system can also be modified to specifically suit your requirements. Infinity Drain. ACO drainage products have been used at many. ACO Stainless is range of standard and custom industrial stainless steel linear drainage systems, which are available with a wide range of grates or with a continuous inlet. ACO offers project-specific services designed to make specification, ordering and installation easy. Our stainless steel channels are available in either level invert or sloping configurations and can incorporate corners and branches for added functionality. £25 off! Buy your plastic, steel or cast iron A15 ACO Channel Drainage here today with next-day delivery and excellent customer service - Shop ACO Drainage today! The dimensions of the ACO Slot Drain for concrete, tiles and resin floor can be easily specified to meet exact project requirements. Download the BIM objects you need, then save your favorite families to the cloud to use later with your MyBIMsmith account – all 100% for free. Add to basket. Manthorpe Domestic Channel Drainage, 3 meters: 29. Excavate trench to accommodate the drainage system. Showerpoint With Mix Grate. The ACO Modular 125+ linear stainless steel drainage channels are available as an off-the-shelf option, including a wide choice of lengths, inverts and gratings. $37425. 81 Inch Depth x 3. About ACO. ACO stands for professional drainage, efficient cleaning, and the controlled discharge or reuse of water. Installation into Asphalt:Plus Point. Selecting from our trench drain systems is easy. Ebbe PRO Shower Drain Covers (0) $34. £65. Maintenance solutions. Watts General Purpose Floor Drain - FD-390 . ACO RoadDrain is a tough one piece channel drainage system ideal for medium to heavy-duty highway, distribution yards and airfield applications. About ACO. The channel line can be conveniently connected to the basic pipe and thus reliably drains the surface. ACO Sport - Sport venue drainage. We understand the importance of better utilizing one of our planet's vital resource, water, and are working tirelessly to improve its utilization, collection and reuse. UNSPSC: 40141700. High Flow Rate 0. With its integrated approach, ACO stands for professional drainage, economical cleaning, and the controlled release and reuse of water. ACO AS Stainless steel solutions. This is a surface-based element. Linjedræn. NEW! QuAD-VFC. Load Class A-C. You tell me what drain will catch more hair. System Numbering Anti-Shunt Lugs Brickslot 100 & 200 Channel Identification Protrusions in grate fit into recesses on the edge rail to prevent longitudinal movement. Our stainless steel drainage products are corrosion-resistant and built with hygiene in mind, ensuring the health and safety of workers, customers and products while still allowing clean-in-place functionality. Jebel Ali Free Zone Dubai, Street 100, Building 07 P. Modular 125+ Linear Channel. All. ACO Multiline. Usually ships within 4 to 5 days. They allow the use or elimination of physical barriers within the bathroom floor and can be incorporated into a wide range of designs. +. 4'' Ulma MultiV100 Polymer Concrete / Stainless Edge Kits. QuARTz Plus 48 Square Linear Shower Drain $120. The best way to clean a linear drain is with a small glass cleaning brush like the one in the video below. Used On Item A-Plus Linear Shower Drain Channel. Versatile to fit with many design layouts and floor structures. Connecting pieces are also available to complete your installation. Linear Grate Drain Styles Quartz by ACO grate drains are based on the latest European design and the range of styles complements bathroom design and personal preferences. 12”. ACO Utility Duct - Polymer ducting system. 3 Part Spec Documents Folder Features & Benefits: ACO S100 Heavy Duty Channel Drain 155mm x 137mm x 1000mm. Contact. 6 (12) Download . Brand: QuARTz by ACO. Systems comprise stainless steel linear drains which can be customised or off the shelf products. ACO DRAIN® - linear drainage Linear drainage presents a more efficient alternative to the previously common point drainage . Diameter. ACO Drain ACO Sport ACO Infrastructure ACO Stormbrixx ACO Environment ACO Aquaduct ACO Wildlife ACO Utility Duct ACO Self. 0”). We understand the importance of better utilizing one of. Get user reviews on all Bath products. Our range of drainage solutions includes a good selection of drainage channels to help you when installing a new driveway or patio. £180. Manufactured from austenitic stainless steel, ACO linear wet. System Numbering Anti-Shunt Lugs Brickslot 100 & 200 Channel Identification Protrusions in grate fit into recesses on the edge rail to prevent longitudinal movement. 8) BUY NOW. and have invested heavily to support you. 33 sq. The ACO Surface Water Management division offers products ranging from light duty residential to heavy duty industrial. 26. Det første trin i regnvandshåndtering er: opsamling og opmagasinering. ACO 37245 Linear Drain. WATERPROOF FLOOR 5. and safety of products for his own use. A linear shower channel drain, such as QuARTz by ACO, provide a number of advantages over circular point drains. Then go for the perfect finish. Plastic drain body with threaded adapter. ACO Drain - Commercial drainage. Canada. ACO Drain ® systems are available in 50mm, 100mm, 200mm and 300mm internal widths, and are available with a built-in slope for up to 40. K100 has a galvanized steel edge rail for general use. Channel body ACO ShowerDrain C, Installation height top edge screed: 80 – 128 mm (200 mm) Channel body ACO ShowerDrain C, Installation height top edge screed: 57 – 128 mm (200 mm) Design-Gratings of grindedem stainless steel. Manufactured from Vienite, ACO high strength recycled polymer concrete, the one piece system is strong and robust in design and the absence of separate gratings eliminates the risk of loss or vandalism. ACO stands for professional drainage, efficient cleaning, and the controlled discharge or reuse of water.